Origin of Names Indonesian Big Island

Sumatra:

The original name of Sumatra, as recorded in historical sources and folklore, is the "Island of Gold". The term island ameh (Minangkabau language, means the island of gold), we have encountered in the story Cindur Eyes of Minangkabau. In Lampung folklore mas Tanoh names listed for mention of the island of Sumatra. A traveler from China, named I-Tsing (634-713), who for years lived in Sriwijaya (Palembang now) in the 7th century, called Sumatra with a chin-Chou, which means "golden land".

In various inscriptions, Sumatra, called by the Sanskrit name: Suwarnadwipa ("island of gold") or Suwarnabhumi ("golden land"). These names have been used in Indian manuscripts before AD. Buddhist manuscripts including the oldest, Jataka Book, tells the sailors to cross the Bay of Bengal to India Suwarnabhumi. In the story narrated Ramayana Sinta Dewi search, Ravana kidnapped Rama's wife, to Suwarnadwipa.

The Arab traveler called Sumatra by the name of Serendib (precisely: Suwarandib), transliteration of the name Suwarnadwipa. Abu Raihan al-Biruni, Persian geographers who visited Srivijaya in 1030, saying the country located on the island Suwarandib Sriwijaya. But there are also people who identify with the Sri Lanka Serendib, who never called Suwarnadwipa.

Then from where the hell the name of "Sumatra" which is now commonly used both nationally and internationally? Apparently the name came from a Ocean Sumatra, the kingdom of Aceh in the 13th century and the 14th. European travelers since the 15th century using the name of that kingdom to mention the entire island.

Ocean Transition (a kingdom) to Sumatra (island name) interesting to navigate. Odorico da Pardenone in the story of the voyage in 1318 mentions that he sailed to the east of the Coromandel, India for 20 days, and arrived in the kingdom Sumoltra. Told in the book of Ibn Bathutah Rihlah ila l-Masyriq (odyssey to the East) that in 1345 he stopped at the royal Samatrah. In the next century, a country or a kingdom of Aceh was taken over by another traveler-traveler to mention the entire island.

In 1490 Ibn Majid create a map of the area around the Indian Ocean island and there is written Samatrah. Map Ibn Majid was copied by the year 1498 and emerged Roteiro Camatarra name. Map made by Amerigo Vespucci in 1501 Samatara names, while the map Masser in 1506 led to a Samatra. Ruy d'Araujo in 1510 called the island Camatra, and Alfonso Albuquerque in 1512 wrote Camatora. Antonio Pigafetta in 1521 wearing a rather 'true': Somatra. But so many other travelers who notes more 'chaotic' wrote: Samoterra, Samotra, Sumotra, even Zamatra and Zamatora.

The records of the Dutch and English, since Jan Huygen van Linschoten and Sir Francis Drake's 16th century, always consistent in the writing of Sumatra. This became a standard shape, and then adjusted with our tongues: Sumatra


Java:

The origin of the name 'Java' is not clear. One possibility is that the pilgrim from India named the island is based on Java-wut plants, which are often encountered. There are other possible sources: Jau word and its variations mean "beyond" or "remote". And, in Sanskrit means yava Barley or barley or millet, the crop of the famous island. Another source states that the word "Java" is derived from Proto-Austronesian, which means 'house'.


Kalimantan:

• First.
Borneo from the Sultanate of Brunei Darussalam said that previously a great kingdom and wide (including Sarawak and Sabah in part because most of it belongs to the sultanate of Sulu Sabah-Mindanao. The Portuguese traders called the Borneo and is used by the Europeans. Inside Kakimpoi Nagarakertagama written in 1365 the ancient kingdom of Brunei called "Barune", so that some are calling it "Waruna Pura". But the natives call it as Pulo Klemantan.
• Second.
According Crowfurd in Descriptive Dictionary of the Indian Island (1856), said Kalimantan is the name of a type of mango so that the island of Borneo is the island of mango, but he added that it smelled like a fairy tale and does not popular.
• Third.
According to Dr. B. Ch. Chhabra in the journal MBRAS Vol XV Part 3, p. 79 mentions the habit of the people of ancient India where the appropriate names such as millet crops in yawa sanksekerta language so that the island was called yawadwipa known as the island of Java and based on the analogy of the island by the name of Amra-Dwipa Sanskrit or island mango.
• Fourth.
According to the C. Hose and Mac Dougall stated that the word originated from Kalimantan six local tribal groups namely Sea Dayak (Iban), Kayan, Kenyan, Klemantan, Munut, and Punan communities. In his essay, Natural Man, a Record from Borneo (1926), Hose C. explained that Klemantan is the new name used by the nation of Malays.
• Fifth.
According to WH Treacher in the British Borneo in the journal MBRAS (1889), wild mango unknown in northern Borneo. Besides never been known as the Borneo island that may well produce mango instead of designation Sago Island (island Sago) because the word is the original name Lamantah raw sago.
• Sixth.
According to Prof. Dr. Slamet Muljana in his book Sriwijaya (LKIS 2006), Kalimantan said not a word but said the wilt original loan as well as word of Malaya, which originated from India melayu (Malay which means mountain). Klemantan came from Borneo or Sanksekerta, Kalamanthana islands where the air is very hot or burn (cal [a]: season, time, and manthan [a]: burn). Because the vowel a at time and according to custom does not spoken manthana, then uttered Kalmantan Kalamanthana later called natives or Quallamontan Klemantan which ultimately reduced to Borneo.


Sulawesi:

The Portuguese were the first to refer to Sulawesi as 'Celebes'. The meaning of this name is unclear. One theory claims that it means "difficult to achieve" because the island is surrounded by ocean currents and water and a rushing river. Modern name 'Sulawesi' possibly comes from the words sula ('island') and iron ('iron') and can refer to the export history from Lake Matano iron-rich deposit of iron ore.









Irian Jaya or West Papua:

During the Dutch East Indies colonial administration, the area was known as Dutch New Guinea (Nederlands Nieuw-Guinea or Dutch New Guinea).

After being under the control of Indonesia, the area was known as West Irian Province from 1969 to 1973. His name was later changed to Irian Jaya by Soeharto inaugurated at the Freeport copper and gold mine, a name still used officially until 2002. Irian itself an abbreviation of the Republic of Indonesia Come, Anti Nederland (join / follow the Republic of Indonesia, rejecting The Netherlands)

The name was changed to Papua province in accordance with Law No. 21 Year 2001 regarding Special Autonomy. In 2003, accompanied by numerous protests (mergers and Central Papua East Papua), Papua into two provinces by the government of Indonesia; the eastern part of Papua while still wearing the name of the western part became the province of West Irian Jaya (West Papua, a year later). This became the eastern part of Papua province at this time.

The word itself is derived from the language of Papua melayu which means curly hair, a description which refers to the physical appearance of indigenous tribes.

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